WITHIN-TREE LIFE PROCESS MODELS OF THE SOUTHERN PINE BEETLE, DENDROCTONUS FRONTALIS

by | Jun 17, 2022 | 1981-1990 Publications

Abstract

This paper develops models of gallery construction, emergence and re-emergence for use in a general population dynamics model of the southern pine beetle, Dendroctonus frontalis Zimmermann. Models of these processes were originally developed from laboratory data, and are extended here to account for fluctuating temperatures and variable attack densities under field conditions. The resulting models were tested using data from three natural populations (infestations) from east Texas. These tests reveal that the laboratory-derived models closely predict the timing and length of gallery, and the timing of emergence and re-emergence in the field.

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FELDMAN, RM, TL WAGNER, PJH SHARPE, JA GAGNE, and RN COULSON. 1981. “WITHIN-TREE LIFE PROCESS MODELS OF THE SOUTHERN PINE-BEETLE, DENDROCTONUS-FRONTALIS.” Ecological Modelling13 (4): 247–59. https://doi.org/10.1016/0304-3800(81)90031-4.

A MATHEMATICAL MODEL OF FIELD POPULATION DYNAMICS OF THE SOUTHERN PINE BEETLE, DENDROCTONUS FRONTALIS

by | Jun 17, 2022 | 1981-1990 Publications

Abstract

The southern pine beetle, Dendroctonus frontalis Zimmermann, is a major insect pest of pines in the southern U.S.A. A population dynamics model of D. frontalis within an infestation was developed. The model is based on the integration of several component submodels that describe individual life stage processes of the beetle. The inclusion of variable forest stand density and microclimate conditions results in a model response which closely follows actual field responses. A sensitivity analysis was performed to investigate effects of weather conditions and the importance of the spatial patterns within the forest.

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FELDMAN, RM, GL CURRY, and RN COULSON. 1981. “A MATHEMATICAL-MODEL OF FIELD POPULATION-DYNAMICS OF THE SOUTHERN PINE-BEETLE, DENDROCTONUS-FRONTALIS.” Ecological Modelling13 (4): 261–81. https://doi.org/10.1016/0304-3800(81)90032-6.

Response of the Southern Pine Bark Beetle Guild (Coleoptera: Scolytidae) to Host Disturbance

by | Jun 17, 2022 | 1981-1990 Publications

Abstract

Role of host disturbance in initiation and growth of infestations of the southern pine bark beetle guild Dendroctonus frontalis Zimmermann, D. terebrans (Olivier), Ips calligraphus (Germar), I. grandicollis (Eichhoff), and I. avulsus (Eichhoff)] was investigated. Host loblolly were disturbed at four intervals throughout the year and response of the bark beetle guild was monitored. Effects of the disturbance were evaluated by assessing tree mortality resulting from colonization by the bark beetle guild. Numerical responses of beetles to treatment and control trees were measured and the structure of the populations was defined in terms of proportions of the different species responding to the disturbance. All disturbed hosts were discovered and colonized by the bark beetle guild. Multiple-tree infestations developed from 10 of 20 treatment centers. Trees disturbed during the winter persisted as foci for beetle colonization for 133-150 days. The disturbance event did not have to coincide with seasonal development of the bark beetle guild for the hosts to be utilized for colonization. Trees in spring, summer, and fall treatments were colonized immediately after the disturbance. All species of the bark beetle guild were involved in the colonization process. However, structure of the populations (species composition and numbers) was different during the four seasonal treatments. Results of the experiment are interpreted in the context of the hypothesis that lightning, acting as a disturbance, is an integral component of the natural history of the bark beetle guild. The study provides experimental evidence to support the major tenets of the hypothesis.

Keywords

disturbance, guilds, population dynamics, Dendroctonus spp., Ips spp.

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COULSON, RN, RO FLAMM, PE PULLEY, TL PAYNE, EJ RYKIEL, and TL WAGNER. 1986. “RESPONSE OF THE SOUTHERN PINE BARK BEETLE GUILD (COLEOPTERA, SCOLYTIDAE) TO HOST DISTURBANCE.” Environmental Entomology15 (4): 850–58. https://doi.org/10.1093/ee/15.4.850.

Within- Tree Population Parameters of Dendroctonus frontalis (Coleoptera: Scolytidae) in Nylon Mesh-Enclosed Pinus echinata

by | Jun 17, 2022 | 1981-1990 Publications

Abstract

Within-tree populations of the southern pine beetle, Dendroctonus frontalis Zimmermann were examined in shortleaf pines, Pinus echinata (Mill.), with nylon mesh tents enclosing the portion of the bole where beetles were released. The distribution of the beetle population within the trees differed slightly from the distribution of beetles in naturally infested trees. However, the density, within-stage survival, and adult replacement rate were similar to measurements of these parameters in naturally infested trees. Also, the relationship between egg niche density and total parent gallery length was examined and found to be similar to previous reports. The tents protected the beetles from competing species; survivorship from egg to adult (33.5%) was high. It was concluded that the tents offer a reliable approach to examining the interactions between D. frontalis and its host pines. Possible uses of the tents for further studies on population dynamics and interspecific interactions are discussed.

Keywords

Insecta, Dendroctonus frontalis, population dynamics, within-tree distribution

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COOK, SP, and FP HAIN.1989. “WITHIN-TREE POPULATION PARAMETERS OF DENDROCTONUS-FRONTALIS (COLEOPTERA, SCOLYTIDAE) IN NYLON MESH-ENCLOSED PINUS-ECHINATA.” Environmental Entomology18 (6): 1025–31. https://doi.org/10.1093/ee/18.6.1025.

Susceptibility of Trees to Southern Pine Beetle., Dendroctonus frontalis (Coleoptera: Scolytidae)

by | Jun 17, 2022 | 1981-1990 Publications

Abstract

Loblolly and shortleaf pines on one study site in the North Carolina piedmont were subjected to attack by varying numbers of southern pine beetle (SPB), Dendroctonus frontalis Zimmermann. Shortleaf pines appeared to be the more susceptible host on this site. Resin flow rate was significantly lower and length of the hypersensitive lesion resulting from inoculation of the trees with the blue-staining fungus Ceratocystis minor (Hedgecock) Hunt was significantly longer in shortleaf pines successfully attacked by 2,000 SPB compared with shortleaf pines unsuccessfully attacked by 2,000 SPB. Loblolly pines attacked by ca. 2,000 SPB had similar resin flow rates and longer hypersensitive lesions than did shortleaf pines unsuccessfully attacked by 2,000 beetles. Overall, shortleaf pines either had a high resin flowrate or a long hypersensitive response, whereas in loblolly pines, the two variables were positively correlated.

Keywords

Dendroctonus frontalis, pines, susceptibility, response

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COOK, SP, and FP HAIN.1987. “SUSCEPTIBILITY OF TREES TO SOUTHERN PINE-BEETLE, DENDROCTONUS-FRONTALIS (COLEOPTERA, SCOLYTIDAE).” Environmental Entomology16 (1): 9–14. https://doi.org/10.1093/ee/16.1.9.